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| | == The volitional form; plain tense == | | == The volitional form; plain tense == |
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| − | == The last conditional: ～たら == | + | == When or If with たら == |
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| − | We have looked at three different conditional statement: と, ～ば and なら. We will look at the last one today.
| + | You can add ら after the past tense of a verb to signify when or if. |
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| − | First to form this tense, you add ら after the past tense of a verb. This applies to all verbs:
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| − | 食べたら
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| − | したら
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| − | きたら
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| − | 行ったら
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| − | ～たら in an AたらB statement means "B will be fulfilled under the condition A is fulfilled"
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| − | If A is certain to happen, you can translate たら as "when". If A has a probable chance of occuring, you can translate it as "if"
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| − | As the way to form ～たら implies, this is used as an "after" statement, or in a different way, after the previous events occur, the next event will occur.
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| − | *あなたは東京に行ったら私も行きます。 If/When you go to Tokyo, I will go to (After you go, I'll go)
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| − | *お金が貰ったらコンサートに行きます。 If I get money, I will go to the concert. (after I get money, I will go to the concert)
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| − | From the dialogue, we can see that it is certain that you will exit the area, so we can translate this as "when"
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| | + | *あなたは東京に行ったら私も行きます。 If/When you go to Tokyo, I will go to |
| | + | *お金が貰ったらコンサートに行きます。 If I get money, I will go to the concert. |
| | *表に出たら「れんしゅう」だ！ When you go out, practice! | | *表に出たら「れんしゅう」だ！ When you go out, practice! |
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| − | We will look at all four conditionals in the next section, and see what we can and cannot do with each one.
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| − | == Without doing something with ～ず ==
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| − | You can express doing something, while not doing something else, by putting the verb into the plain negative and replacing ない with ず.
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| − | *食べず Without eating
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| − | *読まず Without reading
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| − | *晩御飯を食べず、大学に行きました。 Without eating breakfast, I went to college.
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| − | *カンバンは切らず読んでください。 Please read the sings without cutting them.
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| − | It is common to see に after this conjugation.
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| − | == Doing two actions at once with ～ながら ==
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| − | To say "I did this and did this at the same time", put ながら after the base stem of a verb.
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| − | *食べながら While eating
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| − | *読みながら While reading.
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| − | * 音楽を聞きながら本を読みました。 I read a book while listening to music.
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| − | * Ｚ押しながらＢでタテ斬り You can cut vertically with B while pressing Z.
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